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which lens has the most 3D POP?

  
 
Ripolini
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p.81 #1 · which lens has the most 3D POP?


Nifty Fifty wrote:
At least those who pose as pseudo-experts in lens design and dedicate entire novels to their followers about the advantages of their favorite brand over the shoddy rest should have at least once made actual, meaningful, one-to-one comparisons, right? But of course, it's more comfortable to stubbornly ignore such hints and simply continue to ramble on.


I don't see anything wrong with praising the lenses you use with satisfaction. Nor do I find it strictly necessary to make comparisons to prove that we like the performance of the lenses we use. @philip_pj@ pictures certainly show that the out-of-focus performance and overall rendering of the Simera lenses, especially the 28/1.4, are excellent. It's harder to say how sharp that lens is at larger apertures, however that's not the point of this thread.
Certainly, in EU the Simera 28/1.4 now costs €400 including taxes (VAT) and shipping costs; I don't think we need to make many comparisons to say that, at the moment, it is the 28 mm lens with the most competitive price-performance ratio.



Oct 23, 2025 at 06:45 AM
Nifty Fifty
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p.81 #2 · which lens has the most 3D POP?




Ripolini wrote:
I don't see anything wrong with praising the lenses you use with satisfaction. Nor do I find it strictly necessary to make comparisons to prove that we like the performance of the lenses we use. @philip_pj@@ pictures certainly show that the out-of-focus performance and overall rendering of the Simera lenses, especially the 28/1.4, are excellent. It's harder to say how sharp that lens is at larger apertures, however that's not the point of this thread.
Certainly, in EU the Simera 28/1.4 now costs €400 including taxes (VAT) and shipping costs; I don't think we need to make many comparisons to
...Show more
If only he were content with praising his lenses! By God, no one would mind.



Oct 23, 2025 at 07:11 AM
RustyBug
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p.81 #3 · which lens has the most 3D POP?


philip_pj wrote:
Here are a few that satisfy all eight of my criteria for image depth. 28s are already well on the way towards 3Dness because some attributes flow from the focal length itself. Like a longer transition zone, field curvature (which Thypoch use in their marketing!) - how cheeky is that? Anyway, here are three from their 28/1.4 - two street portraits, one shop lady.

I particularly want to point to probably one of the bitter pills for opponents in this debate - that of design-induced 'structure retention' inside the mature bokeh field, and how it can be used artistically in
...Show more

What aperture were these? WO or slightly stopped down



Oct 23, 2025 at 07:42 AM
RustyBug
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p.81 #4 · which lens has the most 3D POP?


Nifty Fifty wrote:
If only he were content with praising his lenses! By God, no one would mind.



There IS a solution to that ... stop reading this thread.


Seriously, why folks that are so ardent against those who are actively participating (good / bad / indifferent) in a nuanced topic of discussion continue to engage something they don't consider of any merit or value to them ... seems a bit folly to me.

If folks want to sit around and play with their navel fuzz, and you don't want to watch that train wreck ... then, just quit watching. But, sometimes it's just moth's to a flame ... I reckon.


OTOH, if folks continue to watch ... it kinda suggests they have an underlying interest in the subject, even if they present intense dissonance. For, if they truly didn't care / believe / desire to understand the optical influence on the perceptions of human physiological depth cues ... they'd waste none of their valuable time with it.

I'd suggest that not a SINGLE individual of us here has a 100% comprehensive understanding of ALL aspects of the optics combined with ALL aspects of the human physiological response. But, the collective discussion introduces a variety of differing aspects / attributes, offered by various members. From those, folks have the opportunity to assimilate and advance their understanding (pick and choose, if you will) as they deem ... some, none, et al.

Personally, I have at varying times in my journey (art school, psychology classwork, Trompe' Loeil studies, 2009 thread era) sought to develop a comprehensive list of how all the attributes are in play for the human physiological response cues. I started a thread conversation on it a few times (Photo Critique Forum) in years past, but that was a very LOW participation thread.

I mentioned it previously, and reference several times ... I'm inclined to give another go in this thread vs. starting a new thread. Curious to hear folks thoughts on if we would like to go down that journey together here. Imo, with the salient number of folks that give credence (and it is valid) to non-optics contribution to the subject, it would seem they'd be a pool of contribution to the topic, that could be harnessed as a positive contribution, moreover than the negative (only) about those who are focused to the topic of the optical influence (as inferred by the OP).

This thread or new thread ... thoughts?

Since so many folks suggest that the optic is of minimal influence in the development of the cues ... a laundry list of factors (non-lens) influencing human physiological depth cues might be a positive contribution to the subject matter. For at the end of the day, the sum total of it (Trompe' Loeil) is the culmination of BOTH non-optic + optic = final.



Any takers (i.e. gauntlet tossed) on the brainstorming list of non-optical factors from which fellow members to glean?



Oct 23, 2025 at 08:08 AM
ruthenium
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p.81 #5 · which lens has the most 3D POP?


Isn't the "list of non-optical factors" rather short: (a) composition, (b) a judicial choice of the DoF, and (c) competent post-processing?
Although (b) might be considered an optical factor.



Oct 23, 2025 at 09:54 AM
Nifty Fifty
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p.81 #6 · which lens has the most 3D POP?


RustyBug wrote:
There IS a solution to that ... stop reading this thread.

Seriously, why folks that are so ardent against those who are actively participating (good / bad / indifferent) in a nuanced topic of discussion continue to engage something they don't consider of any merit or value to them ... seems a bit folly to me.

If folks want to sit around and play with their navel fuzz, and you don't want to watch that train wreck ... then, just quit watching. But, sometimes it's just moth's to a flame ... I reckon.


Let's just say The Fascination of Horror.
But seriously, my pedagogical streak makes it difficult for me not to stand up against demagoguery, even though I'm fundamentally aware that it's pointless.



Oct 23, 2025 at 11:17 AM
Steve Spencer
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p.81 #7 · which lens has the most 3D POP?


ruthenium wrote:
Isn't the "list of non-optical factors" rather short: (a) composition, (b) a judicial choice of the DoF, and (c) competent post-processing?
Although (b) might be considered an optical factor.


But composition is a huge factor and probably dwarfs everything else especially if you include lighting as part of composition.



Oct 23, 2025 at 11:25 AM
RoamingScott
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p.81 #8 · which lens has the most 3D POP?


I continue to be bemused by pedantic examples that exhibit no pop, partly due to a total lack of post processing savvy. You CAN enhance what is already there, but there is none of that happening in here.


Oct 23, 2025 at 11:35 AM
gdanmitchell
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p.81 #9 · which lens has the most 3D POP?


ruthenium wrote:
Isn't the "list of non-optical factors" rather short: (a) composition, (b) a judicial choice of the DoF, and (c) competent post-processing?
Although (b) might be considered an optical factor.


In this case the (purported) shortness of the list is inversely proportional to its significance.

No one says that lens choice makes “no” difference. But the differences between excellent lenses are so small and so subjective that they are virtually meaningless by comparison to the other factors that influence these qualities in a photograph. (t is a little like having an excellent Yamaha grand piano (they are quite good) and being utterly convinced that the way to making your piano performance great is to switch it out for a Steinway. Sorry, but it doesn’t work that way.

The fact that a painting can “pop” (to use the thread’s terminology) with no lens at all should be a hint about where to look for “pop” in photographs.

The comparison I would love to see would be one that works like this:

Take one camera. Mount it on a tripod and do all of the usual stuff to eliminate factors that potentially degrade photographs at the time of exposure.

Take two excellent lenses of the same focal length, one (lens A) being the supposed “best pop” lens and the other (lens B) being a supposed lesser but excellent lens.

Select some relatively normal scene that has no exposure or focus problems.

Put lens A n the camera, Carefully focus on some specific point in the frame and choose a “best” aperture — preferably one that doesn’t introduce significant diffraction or use extraordinarily narrow DOF. Make and exposure.

Without moving anything, put lens B on the camera and using the same aperture make a near-duplicate exposure.

With no further post-processing, generate equalized versions of the images from both. (Due to potential small differences in exposure related to lens transmission one might need to be adjusted.) Or leave them unadjusted and compare as is.

Show the samples to observers who do not know that source of the images nor the element being assessed. Randomized the order in which the samples are presented — in ther words, in some cases show A first annd in other show B first. Ask them if they prefer one over the other and, if so, which. Also ask why they have the preference.

For extra fun, and a check on the ability of viewers to reliably distinguish, add the following to the test.

1. In some cases, instead of showing the same image from the A and B samples, show different images from the two lenses. in other words, in one case you might show image #1 sample B and Image #7 sample A. Show a mixed up series like this and see whether a consistent preference for one or the other appears.

2. As a check on that process, in some cases when showing two different images make both of them from Lens A or both from Lens B and see how the comparison rating differs overall. (This is a check on the actual objective abiltiy of viewers to accurately assess the difference.)

this sounds like a lot of work, but this issue will never be put to bed until someone actually does it. (Honestly, knowing how these things work, you do run this whole test, prove that there is no consistent ability to distinguish at this level… and you’d still have true believers swearing that this stiff is true… ;-)

And, of course, the odds that anyone will do a truly objective test like this are nearly zero… so the hope that a magical lens will make one’s photographs “pop” will continue to distract people from what really creates that effect — lighting, color relationships, selective focus, understanding of perspective, etc.



Oct 23, 2025 at 11:56 AM
Knut.
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p.81 #10 · which lens has the most 3D POP?


If I may summarize the different lens specific concepts proposed here, I gathered the following points:

3d pop has a lot to do with the transition from sharpness to blur when focussing a subject. There appears to be no clear consensus, if a fast transition or a slow transition yields a better image. A slow transition may show a more discernable background, providing context. A fast transition may isolate the subject more and remove a possibly distracting and „busy“ background.

The following factors have been mentioned as contributing to the speed of transition to blur with increased depth:

1) f-stop: a wide aperture obviously leads to a faster transition from sharp subject to blurred background. By choosing an f-stop, the photographer actively influences the transition from sharpness to blur.


2) lens associated factors:
- a) field curvature: A backwards bending field curvature lets the subject as well as part of the peripheral field of view appear sharp and thus decreases 3d pop. Consecutively, a forward bending field curvature would increase the sharp/unsharp diferential between subject (forground) and the background, thus increasing 3d pop (lenses with this attribute are the Zeiss MM 28mm or the Pentax 43mm, among others)

- b) Precission and speed of the progression of blur with distance to the focal plane. This is highly dependent on the correction of the lens. Lenses with extemely high apochromatic correction (low loca, all colours falling precisely to the same point) will show a rapid fall-off of sharpness with depth, or distance from the focal plane. Lenses with less precise correction will have a field, or area of sharpness with less „jump“ of sharpness. Highly corrected lenses may thus show more abrupt transitions which some equate to 3d pop. Zeiss Otus lenses were the first of this kind. Voigtländers apo lanthars fall into this category and the latest GM lenses (50/1.4 Mark II) show this trait. Using different apertures nevertheless allows the photographer to control and grade this effect. While it undoubtedly adds to a greater pop, some (Philip comes to mind) see this effect critically and feel that it is unnatural. While considered modern, the drawing of these lenses does not have appeal to them. They request a more continuous transition which can actually be achieved with less precise correction of loca, ideally masked with some coma, to avoid colour effects.

- c) Coma is the third „defect“ of a lens, that may lead to some blur and thus soften transitional zones. Lack of it would thus increase snap and 3d pop.

- d) The form and appearance of the out of focus disc of light sources in the background may influence 3d pop.The form is greatly influenced by the form of the aperture (round or jagged), and the size of the aperture (large aperture = larger disks, and more rapid progression of size with distance from the focal plane).
- e) finally the light distribution within the „out of focus discs“ influences the appearance of the background. STF lenses are renowned for more discernable backgrounds due to smaller and less prominent blurry discs in the background.

3) Progression and presence of colour tints with distance to the focal plane may add to the impression of depth. In principle this is poor correction of loca which may lead to a reddish tint behind the focal plane and a blue-green tint in front of the focal plane (or vice versa). By colouring things behind and in front of the focal plane in different tints (green or red/purple) depth can be accentuated and 3d pop may be increased.


Typically a lens has a unique fingerprint of optical strengths and defects which lead to a specific behavior and unique 3d pop in certain situations.
It must be pointed out that 3d pop may be enhanced and diminished by certain settings as well. For example excellent loca correction may increase 3d pop for some subjects, wheras in some moody light conditions dimensionality and thus 3d pop may be more influenced by a different tint to the foreground and background (e.g. lenses with poor loca correction).



Oct 23, 2025 at 01:07 PM
 


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RustyBug
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p.81 #11 · which lens has the most 3D POP?


Knut. wrote:
If I may summarize the different lens specific concepts proposed here, I gathered the following points:

3d pop has a lot to do with the transition from sharpness to blur when focussing a subject. There appears to be no clear consensus, if a fast transition or a slow transition yields a better image. A slow transition may show a more discernable background, providing context. A fast transition may isolate the subject more and remove a possibly distracting and „busy“ background.

The following factors have been mentioned as contributing to the speed of transition to blur with increased depth:

1) f-stop: a wide aperture
...Show more

Somebody's been awake ...



Oct 23, 2025 at 02:18 PM
RustyBug
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p.81 #12 · which lens has the most 3D POP?


gdanmitchell wrote:
In this case the (purported) shortness of the list is inversely proportional to its significance.

No one says that lens choice makes “no” difference. But the differences between excellent lenses are so small and so subjective that they are virtually meaningless by comparison to the other factors that influence these qualities in a photograph. (t is a little like having an excellent Yamaha grand piano (they are quite good) and being utterly convinced that the way to making your piano performance great is to switch it out for a Steinway. Sorry, but it doesn’t work that way.

The fact that a painting
...Show more

+1 on methodology

It's what I and others did back in 2009 era. As I mentioned before, this also included efforts to "equalize" them in post, after noting the difference (which also acknowledges Scott's input about post skills, as I also mentioned as part of the total throughput). In other words the point was presented how much computation efforts could bridge the optical variance. Which, is an acknowledgement of the difference.

Again, if I had the glass choices that represent spectrum endpoints in design approach, the method of comp would be in concert with your prescribed approach. Now if someone would send me an SL APO 35 an M 35 KOB, a 35 pre-APSH, a 35 ASPH, a VM 35 Lanthar APO and non-APO / Vintage release and couple Zeiss 35's, some Thypoch's and a few zooms that cover 35mm, well you get the gist ... I'll get started on it.



Oct 23, 2025 at 02:37 PM
philip_pj
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p.81 #13 · which lens has the most 3D POP?



'With every "perfect" lens the future looks brighter'



Oct 23, 2025 at 09:26 PM
Steve Spencer
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p.81 #14 · which lens has the most 3D POP?


gdanmitchell wrote:
In this case the (purported) shortness of the list is inversely proportional to its significance.

No one says that lens choice makes “no” difference. But the differences between excellent lenses are so small and so subjective that they are virtually meaningless by comparison to the other factors that influence these qualities in a photograph. (t is a little like having an excellent Yamaha grand piano (they are quite good) and being utterly convinced that the way to making your piano performance great is to switch it out for a Steinway. Sorry, but it doesn’t work that way.

The fact that a painting
...Show more

The issue may not be put to bed even if you do such an extensive test. Such a test can only show that 3D pop can be seen, but if the test doesn't provide evidence that 3D pop that doesn't mean that 3D pop can't be seen. It just means you didn't find evidence for it in this test and the issue won't be put to bed. The test is design to be conclusive about seeing 3D pop, but it isn't designed to be conclusive about not seeing it.



Oct 23, 2025 at 10:03 PM
cbass
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p.81 #15 · which lens has the most 3D POP?


philip_pj wrote:


'With every "perfect" lens the future looks brighter'



Uhhhhhhhhh.....poppy




Oct 23, 2025 at 10:08 PM
cbass
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p.81 #16 · which lens has the most 3D POP?


Be warned this is not my image or comparison. I found this online taken by someone called Roy Prasad. He takes a picture of a canvas with the 50mm Apo-Lanthar, Apo-Summicron and Summilux ASPH. What you can clearly see is how the out of focus areas behave and how the focus falls of. Some lenses render what is slightly out of focus in much greater detail than other lenses which fall off faster. There is no way you are going to tell me that has no effect on the dimensional perception especially since this is relatively flat canvas with a frame sticking out, quite a flat subject for this comparison.

https://flic.kr/p/2jieWrr



Oct 23, 2025 at 10:29 PM
cbass
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p.81 #17 · which lens has the most 3D POP?


gdanmitchell wrote:
The comparison I would love to see would be one that works like this:

Take one camera. Mount it on a tripod and do all of the usual stuff to eliminate factors that potentially degrade photographs at the time of exposure.

Take two excellent lenses of the same focal length, one (lens A) being the supposed “best pop” lens and the other (lens B) being a supposed lesser but excellent lens.

Select some relatively normal scene that has no exposure or focus problems.

Put lens A n the camera, Carefully focus on some specific point in the frame and choose
...Show more

Okay challenge accepted. I will take a few of my most poppy lenses and a few of my flat lenses. Then I will photography the perfect subject for this 3D pop comparison with great dimensionality and restricted mobility: poop. Stay tuned. I can't wait for you guys to look at my poop pictures and discuss if some pop more than others or deny the existence of pop.



Oct 23, 2025 at 10:34 PM
RustyBug
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p.81 #18 · which lens has the most 3D POP?


ruthenium wrote:
Isn't the "list of non-optical factors" rather short: (a) composition, (b) a judicial choice of the DoF, and (c) competent post-processing?
Although (b) might be considered an optical factor.


I get what you're saying ...

As to a) composition, that's a generic term which essentially is a "composite" of a variety of things. It's the granular aspects of those various things that are (sub, if you will) comprising the components of composition. From those things they all play into the human physiological response to generate depth cues. Whether these are captured by our beloved media or constructed by the pen or brush, they have influence on the perception. This is to a degree as an aside to the subject of the OP (i.e. optical influence).

I'm a bit remiss to remember them all, but certain (general) aspects go something like this:

Larger = Near, Smaller = Far
Acute Focus establish distance. OOF establishes variance from that distance.
More Saturation = Near, Less Saturation = Far
Warm = Near, Cool = Far
Bright = Near, Dark = Far

I'll pause for a moment to point out that in nature, the grass is closer than the sky (i.e. Warm vs. Cool), and as such the natural world influences / aligns with human physiological response as a basis of conditioning to observation of the natural world through human vision.

Of course we know that this doesn't hold absolutely true in all instances, but the conditioning of perception cues naturally lean this way, etc. I said Near / Far ... maybe I should have said Forward / Backward, or something similar. But for others who are versed in this, please chime in also.

Converging Lines vs. Diverging Lines

I'll have to see if I can dig up some other references that further expand on this, but hopefully this is a primer for others to jump in with additional attributes that convey distance / depth cues, comprising attributes within the composition. The salient point being that for those who desire to render accordingly, the composition attributes can be combined with optics to have synergistic effect. To which I'll point out that for those who have mentioned the non-optic aspects, I've always understood that those are in play (just that it wasn't the point of the OP) in yielding final image (PP also).



Oct 23, 2025 at 10:44 PM
ruthenium
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p.81 #19 · which lens has the most 3D POP?




RustyBug wrote:
I get what you're saying ...

As to a) composition, that's a generic term which essentially is a "composite" of a variety of things. It's the granular aspects of those various things that are (sub, if you will) comprising the components of composition. From those things they all play into the human physiological response to generate depth cues. Whether these are captured by our beloved media or constructed by the pen or brush, they have influence on the perception. This is to a degree as an aside to the subject of the OP (i.e. optical influence).

I'm a bit remiss to remember
...Show more

There are books on this subject, e.g., one I just reached near my bed is The Photographer's Eye: composition and design for better digital photos. There the autor, Michael Freeman, states that "Intuitive composition is the only practical approach for the majority of photographs" and gives a quote from Cartier-Bresson: "...any reducing picture to a schema can be done only (because of its very nature) after the photograph has been taken, developed and printed- and then it can be used only for a post-mortem examination of the picture."
Thus, it makes sense to be aware, in general, of certain ideas of photographic composition (and this is a major subject in itself, as Steve Spencer said earlier), but this doesn't and wouldn't make one a good photographer, the same as being a lens connoisseur and lens collector doesn't help, I believe (although there's no harm in that unless when lens connoisseurs make others believe that the path to better photography lies through collecting lenses).



Oct 24, 2025 at 06:41 AM
RustyBug
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p.81 #20 · which lens has the most 3D POP?


ruthenium wrote:
There are books on this subject, e.g., one I just reached near my bed is The Photographer's Eye: composition and design for better digital photos. There the autor, Michael Freeman, states that "Intuitive composition is the only practical approach for the majority of photographs" and gives a quote from Cartier-Bresson: "...any reducing picture to a schema can be done only (because of its very nature) after the photograph has been taken, developed and printed- and then it can be used only for a post-mortem examination of the picture."
Thus, it makes sense to be aware, in general, of certain ideas of
...Show more

Understood.

Just to be clear ... I'm not advocating that these components of the entire "3D" realm are the constituents of good photography. Simply that when / where the topic is regarding the influencing factors associated with Trompe' Loeil of a depth perception cues in a 2D medium to emulate a "3D" physiological response ... there are a variety of aspects that go into play with how people perceive depth. The topic was of significant interest to me and my studies were long, deep and wide (back when).

From that, if others DO HAVE an interest in those things, I gladly contribute my inputs to the topic (for the benefit of fellow members that have genuine interest in the topic). For my personal shooting, I have chosen glass that generally contributes a moderate level (i.e. NOT in search of MOST POP). The days of the 3D quest for greatest effect are behind me. But, I did learn a lot from it.

But, to your point (and others), the effect in and of itself does not make for good photography, Neither is the lens SOLELY responsible. But, neither is the optic entirely dismissive in regard to its contribution. At the end of the day, we pick glass on the rendering (ideal or acceptable) and/or performance (i.e. AF performance / Macro, etc.) for our desires / needs. While some folks want the lens to contribute a LOT to the matter. Others don't care at all.

Me personally, I like my glass to be around 2/3 or 3/4 of what other "max" lenses are. I can "bridge" the difference with PP if I need to do so. In that regard, I tend to prefer some of the Leica glass vs. the Zeiss glass (yeah, that age old debate thing), where I once was leaning hard into Zeiss. Voigtlander's offerings that range between their Vintage line and the Lanthar APO lines provide a nice range of how the optical influence exists by design. I still find their VM 40/1.2 to be an excellent producer of the effect. The new 28 also appears to be strong in this area. If I had access to all of Voigtlander's lineup, it would provide a cadre of opportunity to develop an A:B comp. While there are indeed a variety of options in glass (Sigma 65/2 comes to mind at the moment) that are standouts from different manufacturers, there are also a cadre of nominal glass in this regard, too.

Again, if someone has no interest in the subject ... I get that, just fine. Just that for those who do have an interest in it ... it's kinda like folks that want to talk about engine building, while others just want to step on the gas and go. Don't rain on the discussion about bore and stroke, compression ratios, vector forces of inline vs. slant vs. V configurations, etc.

Simply stated, some folks are die-hard V-Twin fans. Others are high RPM inline four fans. If you're not a fan of torque monster engines, leave the folks who want to talk low end torque design to have their conversation among those who have a genuine interest in the topic. If you like both, great. If you don't care, then go do something else, rather than butt into the conversation about how much their conversation is of no real value. Even, if it is only academic to them, and not pragmatic to you ... leave them to have their conversation. That's just good manners. I digress.

To come back to your point ... +1 that 3D-ishness is not the high water mark of photography. Some appreciate it more than others. I've written elsewhere (2009 -2011 era likely) that in some regard it might even be considered a parlor trick, if that's all that you are interested in, sans the other aspects of our beloved craft. I had my time going through the "look how much 3D-ishness I produced". I still appreciate the understanding of things involved and like rendering imagery that retains / conveys a modest amount of such cues. But, (carriage picture for instance) weak images are weak images, no matter if the "effect" is present or not. Strong images are strong images, no matter if the "effect" is present or not.

But, when asked the question of whether or not optics can have influential contribution toward the effect ... I'll always answer "yes".
Ask a different question of if it is the most important thing toward good photography ... I'll always answer "no".

Two different questions. Two different answers.

Where things get all wonky is when someone asks one question, and then folks try to insert an answer to it with the an answer suited to a different question ... and then the dialogue goes south, from there.

YMMV




Oct 24, 2025 at 07:46 AM
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